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Default value is 1. Sets the display duration of the decoded teletext pages or subtitles in milliseconds. Default value is -1 which means infinity or until the next subtitle event comes. Force transparent background of the generated teletext bitmaps.
Default value is 0 which means an opaque background. Sets the opacity of the teletext background. When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported native encoders are enabled by default. Encoders requiring an external library must be enabled manually via the corresponding --enable-lib option. You can list all available encoders using the configure option --list-encoders.
Setting this automatically activates constant bit rate CBR mode. If this option is unspecified it is set to kbps. Set quality for variable bit rate VBR mode. This option is valid only using the ffmpeg command-line tool. Set cutoff frequency. If unspecified will allow the encoder to dynamically adjust the cutoff to improve clarity on low bitrates.
This method first sets quantizers depending on band thresholds and then tries to find an optimal combination by adding or subtracting a specific value from all quantizers and adjusting some individual quantizer a little.
This is an experimental coder which currently produces a lower quality, is more unstable and is slower than the default twoloop coder but has potential. Not currently recommended. Worse with low bitrates less than 64kbps , but is better and much faster at higher bitrates.
Can be forced for all bands using the value "enable", which is mainly useful for debugging or disabled using "disable". Sets intensity stereo coding tool usage. Can be disabled for debugging by setting the value to "disable".
Uses perceptual noise substitution to replace low entropy high frequency bands with imperceptible white noise during the decoding process. Enables the use of a multitap FIR filter which spans through the high frequency bands to hide quantization noise during the encoding process and is reverted by the decoder. As well as decreasing unpleasant artifacts in the high range this also reduces the entropy in the high bands and allows for more bits to be used by the mid-low bands.
Enables the use of the long term prediction extension which increases coding efficiency in very low bandwidth situations such as encoding of voice or solo piano music by extending constant harmonic peaks in bands throughout frames. Use in conjunction with -ar to decrease the samplerate. Enables the use of a more traditional style of prediction where the spectral coefficients transmitted are replaced by the difference of the current coefficients minus the previous "predicted" coefficients.
In theory and sometimes in practice this can improve quality for low to mid bitrate audio. The default, AAC "Low-complexity" profile.
Is the most compatible and produces decent quality. Introduced in MPEG4. Introduced in MPEG2. This does not mean that one is always faster, just that one or the other may be better suited to a particular system. The AC-3 metadata options are used to set parameters that describe the audio, but in most cases do not affect the audio encoding itself.
Some of the options do directly affect or influence the decoding and playback of the resulting bitstream, while others are just for informational purposes. A few of the options will add bits to the output stream that could otherwise be used for audio data, and will thus affect the quality of the output. Those will be indicated accordingly with a note in the option list below.
Allow Per-Frame Metadata. Specifies if the encoder should check for changing metadata for each frame. Center Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the center channel when downmixing to stereo. This field will only be written to the bitstream if a center channel is present. The value is specified as a scale factor. There are 3 valid values:. Surround Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the surround channel s when downmixing to stereo.
This field will only be written to the bitstream if one or more surround channels are present. Audio Production Information is optional information describing the mixing environment.
Either none or both of the fields are written to the bitstream. Mixing Level. Specifies peak sound pressure level SPL in the production environment when the mix was mastered. Valid values are 80 to , or -1 for unknown or not indicated. The default value is -1, but that value cannot be used if the Audio Production Information is written to the bitstream.
Room Type. Describes the equalization used during the final mixing session at the studio or on the dubbing stage. A large room is a dubbing stage with the industry standard X-curve equalization; a small room has flat equalization.
Dialogue Normalization. This parameter determines a level shift during audio reproduction that sets the average volume of the dialogue to a preset level. The goal is to match volume level between program sources. A value of dB will result in no volume level change, relative to the source volume, during audio reproduction.
Valid values are whole numbers in the range to -1, with being the default. Dolby Surround Mode. Specifies whether the stereo signal uses Dolby Surround Pro Logic. This field will only be written to the bitstream if the audio stream is stereo. Original Bit Stream Indicator. Specifies whether this audio is from the original source and not a copy. It is grouped into 2 parts. If any one parameter in a group is specified, all values in that group will be written to the bitstream.
Default values are used for those that are written but have not been specified. Preferred Stereo Downmix Mode. Dolby Surround EX Mode. Indicates whether the stream uses Dolby Surround EX 7. Dolby Headphone Mode. Indicates whether the stream uses Dolby Headphone encoding multi-channel matrixed to 2. Stereo Rematrixing. This option is enabled by default, and it is highly recommended that it be left as enabled except for testing purposes.
Set lowpass cutoff frequency. If unspecified, the encoder selects a default determined by various other encoding parameters. These options are only valid for the floating-point encoder and do not exist for the fixed-point encoder due to the corresponding features not being implemented in fixed-point. The per-channel high frequency information is sent with less accuracy in both the frequency and time domains. This allows more bits to be used for lower frequencies while preserving enough information to reconstruct the high frequencies.
This option is enabled by default for the floating-point encoder and should generally be left as enabled except for testing purposes or to increase encoding speed. Coupling Start Band. Sets the channel coupling start band, from 1 to If a value higher than the bandwidth is used, it will be reduced to 1 less than the coupling end band. If auto is used, the start band will be determined by the encoder based on the bit rate, sample rate, and channel layout.
This option has no effect if channel coupling is disabled. Sets the compression level, which chooses defaults for many other options if they are not set explicitly. Valid values are from 0 to 12, 5 is the default. Chooses if rice parameters are calculated exactly or approximately.
Multi Dimensional Quantization. If set to 1 then a 2nd stage LPC algorithm is applied after the first stage to finetune the coefficients. This is quite slow and slightly improves compression. This is a native FFmpeg encoder for the Opus format. Currently its in development and only implements the CELT part of the codec. Its quality is usually worse and at best is equal to the libopus encoder. If unspecified it uses the number of channels and the layout to make a good guess.
Sets the maximum delay in milliseconds. Lower delays than 20ms will very quickly decrease quality. Requires the presence of the libfdk-aac headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libfdk-aac. The library is also incompatible with GPL, so if you allow the use of GPL, you should configure with --enable-gpl --enable-nonfree --enable-libfdk-aac.
If the bitrate is not explicitly specified, it is automatically set to a suitable value depending on the selected profile. Note that VBR is implicitly enabled when the vbr value is positive. If not specified or explicitly set to 0 it will use a value automatically computed by the library. Enable afterburner feature if set to 1, disabled if set to 0.
This improves the quality but also the required processing power. Set VBR mode, from 1 to 5. Requires the presence of the libmp3lame headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libmp3lame. See libshine for a fixed-point MP3 encoder, although with a lower quality. The following options are supported by the libmp3lame wrapper. The lame -equivalent of the options are listed in parentheses. Set constant quality setting for VBR. Set algorithm quality.
Valid arguments are integers in the range, with 0 meaning highest quality but slowest, and 9 meaning fastest while producing the worst quality.
Enable use of bit reservoir when set to 1. LAME has this enabled by default, but can be overridden by use --nores option.
Enable the encoder to use ABR when set to 1. The lame --abr sets the target bitrate, while this options only tells FFmpeg to use ABR still relies on b to set bitrate. Requires the presence of the libopencore-amrnb headers and library during configuration.
You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-version3. This is a mono-only encoder. Set bitrate in bits per second. Only the following bitrates are supported, otherwise libavcodec will round to the nearest valid bitrate. Allow discontinuous transmission generate comfort noise when set to 1. The default value is 0 disabled.
Most libopus options are modelled after the opusenc utility from opus-tools. The following is an option mapping chart describing options supported by the libopus wrapper, and their opusenc -equivalent in parentheses. Set VBR mode. The FFmpeg vbr option has the following valid arguments, with the opusenc equivalent options in parentheses:. Set encoding algorithm complexity. Valid options are integers in the range.
Set maximum frame size, or duration of a frame in milliseconds. The argument must be exactly the following: 2. Smaller frame sizes achieve lower latency but less quality at a given bitrate. Sizes greater than 20ms are only interesting at fairly low bitrates. The default is 20ms. Enable inband forward error correction. Default is disabled. Set cutoff bandwidth in Hz. The argument must be exactly one of the following: , , , , or , corresponding to narrowband, mediumband, wideband, super wideband, and fullband respectively.
The default is 0 cutoff disabled. Set channel mapping family to be used by the encoder. The default value of -1 uses mapping family 0 for mono and stereo inputs, and mapping family 1 otherwise.
The default also disables the surround masking and LFE bandwidth optimzations in libopus, and requires that the input contains 8 channels or fewer. Other values include 0 for mono and stereo, 1 for surround sound with masking and LFE bandwidth optimizations, and for independent streams with an unspecified channel layout.
If set to 0, disables the use of phase inversion for intensity stereo, improving the quality of mono downmixes, but slightly reducing normal stereo quality.
The default is 1 phase inversion enabled. Shine is a fixed-point MP3 encoder. It has a far better performance on platforms without an FPU, e. However, as it is more targeted on performance than quality, it is not on par with LAME and other production-grade encoders quality-wise. Requires the presence of the libshine headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libshine. The following options are supported by the libshine wrapper.
The shineenc -equivalent of the options are listed in parentheses. Requires the presence of the libtwolame headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libtwolame.
The following options are supported by the libtwolame wrapper. The twolame -equivalent options follow the FFmpeg ones and are in parentheses. Default value is k. Set quality for experimental VBR support. Maximum value range is from to 50, useful range is from to The higher the value, the better the quality.
Set psychoacoustic model to use in encoding. The argument must be an integer between -1 and 4, inclusive. The default value is 3.
Requires the presence of the libvo-amrwbenc headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-version3. Requires the presence of the libvorbisenc headers and library during configuration.
You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libvorbis. The following options are supported by the libvorbis wrapper. The oggenc -equivalent of the options are listed in parentheses. The value should be a float number in the range of Set cutoff bandwidth in Hz, a value of 0 disables cutoff.
This only has effect on ABR mode. Set noise floor bias for impulse blocks. The value is a float number from A negative bias instructs the encoder to pay special attention to the crispness of transients in the encoded audio.
The tradeoff for better transient response is a higher bitrate. The following shared options are effective for this encoder. Only special notes about this particular encoder will be documented here. For the general meaning of the options, see the Codec Options chapter.
For this encoder, the range for this option is between and Default is automatically decided based on sample rate and number of channel. Set whether to enable optimization for mono. This option is only effective for non-mono streams. Available values:. Keyframe interval.
A keyframe is inserted at least every -g frames, sometimes sooner. Quality factor. Lower is better. Higher gives lower bitrate. The minimum and maximum number of strips to use. Wider range sometimes improves quality. More strips is generally better quality but costs more bits. Fewer strips tend to yield more keyframes.
Vintage compatible is If disabled, every frame will always have a palette written, even if there is a global palette supplied. Specifies the number of chunks to split frames into, between 1 and This permits multithreaded decoding of large frames, potentially at the cost of data-rate.
The encoder may modify this value to divide frames evenly. Specifies the second-stage compressor to use. If set to none , chunks will be limited to 1, as chunked uncompressed frames offer no benefit. The native jpeg encoder is lossy by default, the -q:v option can be used to set the encoding quality.
Lossless encoding can be selected with -pred 1. By default, when this option is not used, compression is done using the quality metric. This option allows for compression using compression ratio. The compression ratio for each level could be specified. The compression ratio of a layer l species the what ratio of total file size is contained in the first l layers.
This would compress the image to contain 3 layers, where the data contained in the first layer would be compressed by times, compressed by in the first two layers, and shall contain all data while using all 3 layers.
Requires the presence of the rav1e headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-librav1e. See rav1e --help for a list of options. Requires the presence of the libaom headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libaom. By default this will use variable-bitrate mode.
If maxrate and minrate are also set to the same value then it will use constant-bitrate mode, otherwise if crf is set as well then it will use constrained-quality mode. Set key frame placement. The GOP size sets the maximum distance between key frames; if zero the output stream will be intra-only.
The minimum distance is ignored unless it is the same as the GOP size, in which case key frames will always appear at a fixed interval. Not set by default, so without this option the library has completely free choice about where to place key frames. Valid range is from 0 to 63 warning: this does not match the quantiser values actually used by AV1 - divide by four to map real quantiser values to this range.
Set rate control buffering parameters. Not used if not set - defaults to unconstrained variable bitrate. Set the number of threads to use while encoding.
This may require the tiles or row-mt options to also be set to actually use the specified number of threads fully. Defaults to the number of hardware threads supported by the host machine. Set the encoding profile. Defaults to using the profile which matches the bit depth and chroma subsampling of the input. Valid range is from 0 to 8, higher numbers indicating greater speed and lower quality.
The default value is 1, which will be slow and high quality. Set the maximum number of frames which the encoder may keep in flight at any one time for lookahead purposes. Valid range is 0 to 63, higher numbers indicating lower quality and smaller output size. Only used if set; by default only the bitrate target is used. Set a change threshold on blocks below which they will be skipped by the encoder.
Defined in arbitrary units as a nonnegative integer, defaulting to zero no blocks are skipped. Set a threshold for dropping frames when close to rate control bounds. Defined as a percentage of the target buffer - when the rate control buffer falls below this percentage, frames will be dropped until it has refilled above the threshold.
Defaults to zero no frames are dropped. Amount of noise to be removed for grain synthesis. Grain synthesis is disabled if this option is not set or set to 0. Block size used for denoising for grain synthesis. If not set, AV1 codec uses the default value of Set datarate undershoot min percentage of the target bitrate. Range is -1 to Default is Set datarate overshoot max percentage of the target bitrate.
Minimum percentage variation of the GOP bitrate from the target bitrate. Default is -1 unset. Maximum percentage variation of the GOP bitrate from the target bitrate. Set the number of tiles to encode the input video with, as columns x rows. Larger numbers allow greater parallelism in both encoding and decoding, but may decrease coding efficiency. Defaults to the minimum number of tiles required by the size of the input video this is 1x1 that is, a single tile for sizes up to and including 4K.
Set the number of tiles as log2 of the number of tile rows and columns. Enable Constrained Directional Enhancement Filter. The libaom-av1 encoder enables CDEF by default. Enable block copy mode for intra block prediction. This mode is useful for screen content. Default is true. For a list of supported options, see aomenc --help under the section "AV1 Specific Options". You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libsvtav1. Set the quality-speed tradeoff, in the range 0 to Higher values are faster but lower quality.
Requires the presence of the libjxl headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libjxl.
Set the target Butteraugli distance. Valid values range between 0. The default is 1. Set the encoding effort used. Valid values range from 1 to 9, and the default is 7. Force the encoder to use Modular mode instead of choosing automatically.
VarDCT is generally superior to Modular for lossy encoding but does not support lossless encoding. Requires the presence of the libkvazaar headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libkvazaar.
See kvazaar documentation for a list of options. This encoder requires the presence of the libopenh headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libopenh The library is detected using pkg-config. Set the number of slices, used in parallelized encoding.
Set profile restrictions. Requires the presence of the libtheora headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libtheora. The following global options are mapped to internal libtheora options which affect the quality and the bitrate of the encoded stream.
Used to enable constant quality mode VBR encoding through the qscale flag, and to enable the pass1 and pass2 modes. A higher value corresponds to a higher quality. Enable VBR mode when set to a non-negative value, and set constant quality value as a double floating point value in QP units.
The value is clipped in the [] range, and then multiplied by 6. Requires the presence of the libvpx headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libvpx. The following options are supported by the libvpx wrapper. The vpxenc -equivalent options or values are listed in parentheses for easy migration.
To reduce the duplication of documentation, only the private options and some others requiring special attention are documented here. For the documentation of the undocumented generic options, see the Codec Options chapter. Further information is available in the libvpx API documentation. Set ratecontrol buffer size in bits.
Set number of bits which should be loaded into the rc buffer before decoding starts. Use best quality deadline. Poorly named and quite slow, this option should be avoided as it may give worse quality output than good. Use good quality deadline. This is a good trade-off between speed and quality when used with the cpu-used option.
Enable use of alternate reference frames 2-pass only. Values greater than 1 enable multi-layer alternate reference frames VP9 only.
For example, to specify temporal scalability parameters with ffmpeg :. Target bitrate for each temporal layer in kbps. Currently supports the following options. No temporal layering flags are provided internally, relies on flags being passed in using metadata field in AVFrame with following keys. Sets the flags passed into the encoder to indicate the referencing scheme for the current frame.
Same as option "3", except there is a dependency between the two temporal layer 2 frames within the temporal period. Set number of tile columns to use. For example, 8 tile columns would be requested by setting the tile-columns option to 3. Set number of tile rows to use. For example, 4 tile rows would be requested by setting the tile-rows option to 2. Set adaptive quantization mode 0: off default , 1: variance 2: complexity, 3: cyclic refresh, 4: equator Corpus VBR mode is a variant of standard VBR where the complexity distribution midpoint is passed in rather than calculated for a specific clip or chunk.
For example,. It can encode in either lossy or lossless mode. Lossy images are essentially a wrapper around a VP8 frame. Lossless images are a separate codec developed by Google. Alpha is supported for either mode. Because of API limitations, if RGB is passed in when encoding lossy or YUV is passed in for encoding lossless, the pixel format will automatically be converted using functions from libwebp. This is not ideal and is done only for convenience. Higher values give better quality for a given size at the cost of increased encoding time.
Higher values give smaller size at the cost of increased encoding time. More specifically, it controls the number of extra algorithms and compression tools used, and varies the combination of these tools. This maps to the method option in libwebp. The valid range is 0 to 6. Default is 4. For lossy encoding, this controls image quality. For lossless encoding, this controls the effort and time spent in compression.
Range is 0 to This encoder requires the presence of the libx headers and library during configuration. Each term can be:. Before libavutil version 53 the trailing character "c" to specify a number of channels was optional, but now it is required, while a channel layout mask can also be specified as a decimal number if and only if not followed by "c" or "C".
Two expressions expr1 and expr2 can be combined to form another expression " expr1 ; expr2 ". Return 1 if x is greater than or equal to min and lesser than or equal to max , 0 otherwise. The results of the evaluation of x and y are converted to integers before executing the bitwise operation. Note that both the conversion to integer and the conversion back to floating point can lose precision.
Round the value of expression expr upwards to the nearest integer. For example, "ceil 1. Round the value of expression expr downwards to the nearest integer. For example, "floor Return the greatest common divisor of x and y. If both x and y are 0 or either or both are less than zero then behavior is undefined.
Evaluate x , and if the result is non-zero return the result of the evaluation of y , return 0 otherwise. Evaluate x , and if the result is non-zero return the evaluation result of y , otherwise the evaluation result of z.
Evaluate x , and if the result is zero return the result of the evaluation of y , return 0 otherwise. Evaluate x , and if the result is zero return the evaluation result of y , otherwise the evaluation result of z. Load the value of the internal variable with number var , which was previously stored with st var , expr.
The function returns the loaded value. Print the value of expression t with loglevel l. If l is not specified then a default log level is used. Returns the value of the expression printed.
Return a pseudo random value between 0. Find an input value for which the function represented by expr with argument ld 0 is 0 in the interval When the expression evaluates to 0 then the corresponding input value will be returned. Round the value of expression expr to the nearest integer.
For example, "round 1. Compute the square root of expr. Store the value of the expression expr in an internal variable. The function returns the value stored in the internal variable. Note, Variables are currently not shared between expressions. Evaluate a Taylor series at x , given an expression representing the ld id -th derivative of a function at 0.
If id is not specified then 0 is assumed. Note, when you have the derivatives at y instead of 0, taylor expr, x-y can be used. Round the value of expression expr towards zero to the nearest integer. For example, "trunc Evaluate expression expr while the expression cond is non-zero, and returns the value of the last expr evaluation, or NAN if cond was always false.
Assuming that an expression is considered "true" if it has a non-zero value, note that:. In your C code, you can extend the list of unary and binary functions, and define recognized constants, so that they are available for your expressions. The evaluator also recognizes the International System unit prefixes. The list of available International System prefixes follows, with indication of the corresponding powers of 10 and of 2.
In addition each codec may support so-called private options, which are specific for a given codec. Sometimes, a global option may only affect a specific kind of codec, and may be nonsensical or ignored by another, so you need to be aware of the meaning of the specified options. Also some options are meant only for decoding or encoding. In 1-pass mode, bitrate tolerance specifies how far ratecontrol is willing to deviate from the target average bitrate value.
Lowering tolerance too much has an adverse effect on quality. Only write platform-, build- and time-independent data. This ensures that file and data checksums are reproducible and match between platforms.
Its primary use is for regression testing. It is the fundamental unit of time in seconds in terms of which frame timestamps are represented. Set cutoff bandwidth. Supported only by selected encoders, see their respective documentation sections. It is set by some decoders to indicate constant frame size. Set video quantizer scale compression VBR. It is used as a constant in the ratecontrol equation. Must be an integer between -1 and If a value of -1 is used, it will choose an automatic value depending on the encoder.
Note: experimental decoders can pose a security risk, do not use this for decoding untrusted input. This is useful if you want to analyze the content of a video and thus want everything to be decoded no matter what. This option will not result in a video that is pleasing to watch in case of errors. Most useful in setting up a CBR encode. It is of little use elsewise. At present, those are H. Supported at present by AV1 decoders. Set the number of threads to be used, in case the selected codec implementation supports multi-threading.
Set encoder codec profile. Encoder specific profiles are documented in the relevant encoder documentation. Possible values:. Set to 1 to disable processing alpha transparency. Default is 0. Separator used to separate the fields printed on the command line about the Stream parameters. For example, to separate the fields with newlines and indentation:.
Maximum number of pixels per image. This value can be used to avoid out of memory failures due to large images. Enable cropping if cropping parameters are multiples of the required alignment for the left and top parameters. If the alignment is not met the cropping will be partially applied to maintain alignment. Default is 1 enabled. When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported native decoders are enabled by default.
Decoders requiring an external library must be enabled manually via the corresponding --enable-lib option. You can list all available decoders using the configure option --list-decoders. Requires the presence of the libdav1d headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libdav1d. Set amount of frame threads to use during decoding. The default value is 0 autodetect. Use the global option threads instead. Set amount of tile threads to use during decoding.
Apply film grain to the decoded video if present in the bitstream. Defaults to the internal default of the library. This option is deprecated and will be removed in the future. Select an operating point of a scalable AV1 bitstream 0 - Requires the presence of the libuavs3d headers and library during configuration.
You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libuavs3d. Set the line size of the v data in bytes. You can use the special -1 value for a strideless v as seen in BOXX files.
Dynamic Range Scale Factor. The factor to apply to dynamic range values from the AC-3 stream. This factor is applied exponentially. The default value is 1. There are 3 notable scale factor ranges:. DRC enabled. Applies a fraction of the stream DRC value. Audio reproduction is between full range and full compression.
Loud sounds are fully compressed. Soft sounds are enhanced. The lavc FLAC encoder used to produce buggy streams with high lpc values like the default value.
This decoder generates wave patterns according to predefined sequences. Its use is purely internal and the format of the data it accepts is not publicly documented.
Requires the presence of the libcelt headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libcelt. Requires the presence of the libgsm headers and library during configuration.
You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libgsm. Requires the presence of the libilbc headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libilbc. Using it requires the presence of the libopencore-amrnb headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libopencore-amrnb. Using it requires the presence of the libopencore-amrwb headers and library during configuration.
You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libopencore-amrwb. Requires the presence of the libopus headers and library during configuration.
You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libopus. Sets the base path for the libaribb24 library. This is utilized for reading of configuration files for custom unicode conversions , and for dumping of non-text symbols as images under that location.
This codec decodes the bitmap subtitles used in DVDs; the same subtitles can also be found in VobSub file pairs and in some Matroska files.
Specify the global palette used by the bitmaps. When stored in VobSub, the palette is normally specified in the index file; in Matroska, the palette is stored in the codec extra-data in the same format as in VobSub. The format for this option is a string containing 16 bits hexadecimal numbers without 0x prefix separated by commas, for example 0d00ee, eed, , eaeaea, 0ce60b, ec14ed, ebff0b, 0da, 7b7b7b, d1d1d1, 7b2a0e, 0dc, 0fb, cf0dec, cfa80c, 7cb.
Only decode subtitle entries marked as forced. Some titles have forced and non-forced subtitles in the same track. Setting this flag to 1 will only keep the forced subtitles. Requires the presence of the libzvbi headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libzvbi. List of teletext page numbers to decode. Pages that do not match the specified list are dropped. Set default character set used for decoding, a value between 0 and 87 see ETS , Section 15, Table Default value is -1, which does not override the libzvbi default.
This option is needed for some legacy level 1. The default format, you should use this for teletext pages, because certain graphics and colors cannot be expressed in simple text or even ASS. Formatted ASS output, subtitle pages and teletext pages are returned in different styles, subtitle pages are stripped down to text, but an effort is made to keep the text alignment and the formatting.
Chops leading and trailing spaces and removes empty lines from the generated text. This option is useful for teletext based subtitles where empty spaces may be present at the start or at the end of the lines or empty lines may be present between the subtitle lines because of double-sized teletext characters. Sets the display duration of the decoded teletext pages or subtitles in milliseconds.
Default value is -1 which means infinity or until the next subtitle event comes. Force transparent background of the generated teletext bitmaps. Default value is 0 which means an opaque background. Sets the opacity of the teletext background. When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported bitstream filters are enabled by default. You can list all available ones using the configure option --list-bsfs.
Below is a description of the currently available bitstream filters, with their parameters, if any. Set the color range in the stream see AV1 section 6. Set the chroma sample location in the stream see AV1 section 6. This can only be set for streams. Set the number of ticks in each picture, to indicate that the stream has a fixed framerate.
Add extradata to the beginning of the filtered packets except when said packets already exactly begin with the extradata that is intended to be added.
For example the following ffmpeg command forces a global header thus disabling individual packet headers in the H. A 16 bit mask which specifies which of the 16 possible error status values are to be replaced by colored blocks. Certain codecs allow the long-term headers e. MPEG-2 sequence headers, or H. This latter form is called "extradata" in FFmpeg terminology. When this option is enabled, the long-term headers are removed from the bitstream after extraction.
List of unit types or ranges of unit types to pass through while removing all others. Extradata is unchanged by this transformation, but note that if the stream contains inline parameter sets then the output may be unusable if they are removed.
This is the smallest time unit representable in the stream, and in many cases represents the field rate of the stream double the frame rate. Set whether the stream has fixed framerate - typically this indicates that the framerate is exactly half the tick rate, but the exact meaning is dependent on interlacing and the picture structure see H.
These bits were reserved in a previous version of the H. The result of zeroing this is still a valid bitstream. Set the frame cropping offsets in the SPS.
These values will replace the current ones if the stream is already cropped. These fields are set in pixels. Note that some sizes may not be representable if the chroma is subsampled or the stream is interlaced see H.
Insert a string as SEI unregistered user data. Insert, extract or remove Display orientation SEI messages. See H. Insert mode works in conjunction with rotate and flip options. Any pre-existing Display orientation messages will be removed in insert or remove mode. Extract mode attaches the display matrix to the packet as side data. Set rotation in display orientation SEI anticlockwise angle in degrees. Default is NaN. Convert an H.
This is required by some streaming formats, typically the MPEG-2 transport stream format muxer mpegts. For example to remux an MP4 file containing an H. This applies a specific fixup to some Blu-ray streams which contain redundant PPSs modifying irrelevant parameters of the stream which confuse other transformations which require correct extradata.
Note that it is likely to be overridden by container parameters when the stream is in a container. Set the conformance window cropping offsets in the SPS. Note that some sizes may not be representable if the chroma is subsampled H. This filter only applies to the mpeg2video codec, and is likely not needed for Final Cut Pro 7 and newer with the appropriate -tag:v.
The individual frames can be extracted without loss, e. Avery Lee, writing in the rec. The exact table necessary is given in the OpenDML spec. Extract a representable text file from MOV subtitles, stripping the metadata header from each subtitle packet. Any other value will result in square pixels being signalled instead see H. Set the frame rate in the stream. This is constructed from a table of known values combined with a small multiplier and divisor - if the supplied value is not exactly representable, the nearest representable value will be used instead see H.
Damages the contents of packets or simply drops them without damaging the container. Accepts an expression whose evaluation per-packet determines how often bytes in that packet will be modified. A value below 0 will result in a variable frequency. Default is 0 which results in no modification.
However, if neither amount nor drop is specified, amount will be set to See below for accepted variables. Accepts an expression evaluated per-packet whose value determines whether that packet is dropped. Evaluation to a positive value results in the packet being dropped. Evaluation to a negative value results in a variable chance of it being dropped, roughly inverse in proportion to the magnitude of the value. Default is 0 which results in no drops.
Accepts a non-negative integer, which assigns a variable chance of it being dropped, roughly inverse in proportion to the value. This option is kept for backwards compatibility and is equivalent to setting drop to a negative value with the same magnitude i. Ignored if drop is also specified. Both amount and drop accept expressions containing the following variables:. Drop every video packet not marked as a keyframe after timestamp 30s but do not modify any of the remaining packets. Repacketize PCM audio to a fixed number of samples per packet or a fixed packet rate per second.
This is similar to the ffmpeg-filters asetnsamples audio filter but works on audio packets instead of audio frames. Set the number of samples per each output audio packet. The number is intended as the number of samples per each channel. Default value is This option makes the filter output a fixed number of packets per second instead of a fixed number of samples per packet.
If the audio sample rate is not divisible by the frame rate then the number of samples will not be constant but will vary slightly so that each packet will start as close to the frame boundary as possible. Merge a sequence of PGS Subtitle segments ending with an "end of display set" segment into a single packet.
The demux timestamp in input in case of ts or dts option or presentation timestamp in case of pts option. The original position in the file of the packet, or undefined if undefined for the current packet.
Log trace output containing all syntax elements in the coded stream headers everything above the level of individual coded blocks. This can be useful for debugging low-level stream issues. Supports AV1, H. Set the color space value in the frame header. Set the color range value in the frame header. Note that any value imposed by the color space will take precedence over this value. Merge VP9 invisible alt-ref frames back into VP9 superframes. Given a VP9 stream with correct timestamps but possibly out of order, insert additional show-existing-frame packets to correct the ordering.
The libavformat library provides some generic global options, which can be set on all the muxers and demuxers. In addition each muxer or demuxer may support so-called private options, which are specific for that component.
Set probing size in bytes, i. A higher value will enable detecting more information in case it is dispersed into the stream, but will increase latency. Must be an integer not lesser than It is by default. Stop muxing at the end of the shortest stream.
Specify how many microseconds are analyzed to probe the input. A higher value will enable detecting more accurate information, but will increase latency. Set error detection flags. Set maximum buffering duration for interleaving. The duration is expressed in microseconds, and defaults to 10 seconds. To ensure all the streams are interleaved correctly, libavformat will wait until it has at least one packet for each stream before actually writing any packets to the output file.
When some streams are "sparse" i. This field specifies the maximum difference between the timestamps of the first and the last packet in the muxing queue, above which libavformat will output a packet regardless of whether it has queued a packet for all the streams.
If set to 0, libavformat will continue buffering packets until it has a packet for each stream, regardless of the maximum timestamp difference between the buffered packets. Shift timestamps to make them non-negative. Also note that this affects only leading negative timestamps, and not non-monotonic negative timestamps. When shifting is enabled, all output timestamps are shifted by the same amount.
Audio, video, and subtitles desynching and relative timestamp differences are preserved compared to how they would have been without shifting. Default is -1 auto , which means that the underlying protocol will decide, 1 enables it, and has the effect of reducing the latency, 0 disables it and may increase IO throughput in some cases.
Specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding streams are delayed bt the time duration specified in offset. Default value is 0 meaning that no offset is applied. Specifies the maximum number of streams. This can be used to reject files that would require too many resources due to a large number of streams.
Skip estimation of input duration when calculated using PTS. Specify how strictly to follow the standards. Demuxers are configured elements in FFmpeg that can read the multimedia streams from a particular type of file. When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported demuxers are enabled by default. You can list all available ones using the configure option --list-demuxers.
Use -formats to view a combined list of enabled demuxers and muxers. This demuxer is used to demux APNG files. All headers, but the PNG signature, up to but not including the first fcTL chunk are transmitted as extradata.
Default framerate in frames per second when none is specified in the file 0 meaning as fast as possible. Default is This demuxer reads a list of files and other directives from a text file and demuxes them one after the other, as if all their packets had been muxed together.
The timestamps in the files are adjusted so that the first file starts at 0 and each next file starts where the previous one finishes.
Note that it is done globally and may cause gaps if all streams do not have exactly the same length. The duration of each file is used to adjust the timestamps of the next file: if the duration is incorrect because it was computed using the bit-rate or because the file is truncated, for example , it can cause artifacts. The duration directive can be used to override the duration stored in each file. The following directive is recognized:. Path to a file to read; special characters and spaces must be escaped with backslash or single quotes.
To make FFmpeg recognize the format automatically, this directive must appear exactly as is no extra space or byte-order-mark on the very first line of the script. Duration of the file. This information can be specified from the file; specifying it here may be more efficient or help if the information from the file is not available or accurate. If the duration is set for all files, then it is possible to seek in the whole concatenated video.
In point of the file. When the demuxer opens the file it instantly seeks to the specified timestamp. Seeking is done so that all streams can be presented successfully at In point.
This directive works best with intra frame codecs, because for non-intra frame ones you will usually get extra packets before the actual In point and the decoded content will most likely contain frames before In point too.
For each file, packets before the file In point will have timestamps less than the calculated start timestamp of the file negative in case of the first file , and the duration of the files if not specified by the duration directive will be reduced based on their specified In point.
Because of potential packets before the specified In point, packet timestamps may overlap between two concatenated files. Out point of the file. When the demuxer reaches the specified decoding timestamp in any of the streams, it handles it as an end of file condition and skips the current and all the remaining packets from all streams. Out point is exclusive, which means that the demuxer will not output packets with a decoding timestamp greater or equal to Out point.
This directive works best with intra frame codecs and formats where all streams are tightly interleaved. For non-intra frame codecs you will usually get additional packets with presentation timestamp after Out point therefore the decoded content will most likely contain frames after Out point too. If your streams are not tightly interleaved you may not get all the packets from all streams before Out point and you may only will be able to decode the earliest stream until Out point.
The duration of the files if not specified by the duration directive will be reduced based on their specified Out point. Metadata of the packets of the file. The specified metadata will be set for each file packet.
You can specify this directive multiple times to add multiple metadata entries. Introduce a stream in the virtual file. All subsequent stream-related directives apply to the last introduced stream. Some streams properties must be set in order to allow identifying the matching streams in the subfiles.
If no streams are defined in the script, the streams from the first file are copied. Set the id of the stream. If this directive is given, the string with the corresponding id in the subfiles will be used. If set to 1, reject unsafe file paths and directives. A file path is considered safe if it does not contain a protocol specification and is relative and all components only contain characters from the portable character set letters, digits, period, underscore and hyphen and have no period at the beginning of a component.
If set to 1, try to perform automatic conversions on packet data to make the streams concatenable. The default is 1. This is necessary in particular if there are resolution changes. If set to 1, every packet will contain the lavf. The duration metadata is only set if it is known based on the concat file. The default is 0. This demuxer presents all AVStreams found in the manifest. By setting the discard flags on AVStreams the caller can decide which streams to actually receive.
KUX is a flv variant used on the Youku platform. Set the minimum valid delay between frames in hundredths of seconds. Range is 0 to Default value is 2.
Set the maximum valid delay between frames in hundredth of seconds. Default value is nearly eleven minutes , the maximum value allowed by the specification. Set the default delay between frames in hundredths of seconds. GIF files can contain information to loop a certain number of times or infinitely.
If set to 0, then looping will occur and will cycle the number of times according to the GIF. Note that in the above example the shortest option for overlay filter is used to end the output video at the length of the shortest input file, which in this case is input.
This demuxer presents all AVStreams from all variant streams. The id field is set to the bitrate variant index number. The maximum number of times to load m3u8 when it refreshes without new segments. This demuxer reads from a list of image files specified by a pattern. The pattern may contain a suffix which is used to automatically determine the format of the images contained in the files.
The size, the pixel format, and the format of each image must be the same for all the files in the sequence. Disable pattern matching, therefore the video will only contain the specified image. You should use this option if you do not want to create sequences from multiple images and your filenames may contain special pattern characters.
Select a sequence pattern type, used to specify a sequence of files indexed by sequential numbers. The pattern is interpreted like a glob pattern. This is only selectable if libavformat was compiled with globbing support. Set the pixel format of the images to read. If not specified the pixel format is guessed from the first image file in the sequence. Set the index of the file matched by the image file pattern to start to read from.
Default value is 5. If set to 1, will set frame timestamp to modification time of image file. Note that monotonity of timestamps is not provided: images go in the same order as without this option. If set to 2, will set frame timestamp to the modification time of the image file in nanosecond precision. Set the video size of the images to read. If not specified the video size is guessed from the first image file in the sequence. If set to 1, will add two extra fields to the metadata found in input, making them also available for other filters see drawtext filter for examples.
The extra fields are described below:. Even videos shot by different devices or encoded differently can be joined in batches using VideoProc Converter.
It helps you quickly change or unify resolutions, aspect ratios, playback speeds, volumes, etc. You can remove black borders, get rid of cluttered backgrounds, improve the image composition, or zoom in and highlight the focal point. The real-time preview enables you to see the results in real-time. One click to rotate or flip: you can rotate your video left or right clockwise or counter-clockwise 90, , or degrees to a proper direction, or mirror flip clips vertically or horizontally to get an creative effect.
The 16 built-in special effect filters can turn ordinary into cinematic. You can add Grayscale, Painting, Sharpen, and blur effects, give your video a retro look in one click, or apply some stylized effects such as Mirror and Noise. As a lightweight software, VideoProc is a good way for pre-processing. It de-shakes videos with minimum image cropping, allowing you to set stabilization parameters accurately; removes wind and background noises; corrects fisheye lens distortion to get a realistic look.
Make the file size of your footage or final cuts smaller flexibly and efficiently. No rendering is needed. Support batch downloads, and save playlists and channels. Support picture-in-picture or green screen mode. Make gameplay, instruction, and other creative videos by recording and keying. Built-in utility tools to mark, crop, or highlight the important area during recording.
VideoProc Converter uses full GPU acceleration, which enables it to process even 4K videos quickly, without compromising quality. VideoProc Converter is your all-in-one tool for trimming, editing, converting and compressing videos. It does all these tasks surprisingly quickly thanks to its support for all types of hardware acceleration. VideoProc Converter makes it quick and easy for amateurs and hobbyists to edit and process 4K video, and doesn't require that you invest in an uber powerful PC or spend hours learning how to use it.
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